I-UMU: Ithuluzi Lokugcina Lokuhlanganisa Imidlalo Yakho ku-Linux

  • I-UMU iphindaphinda isikhathi sokusebenza seSteam ukuze isebenzise i-Proton ngaphandle kwe-Steam ngeziqinisekiso ezifanayo.
  • umu-run uhlanganisa okuguquguqukayo nokulungiswa ngokusebenzisa ama-protonfixes ngokuya nge-GAMEID kanye ne-STORE kusuka kusizindalwazi esivamile.
  • Ukufakwa okuguquguqukayo: i-classic build, i-uv, namaphakheji we-nixpkgs anezinketho ezithuthukisiwe.
Pablinux

Imizuzu ye-10

UMU Launcher

I-UMU Launcher isibe ngelinye lamathuluzi ashintsha indlela esidlala ngayo imidlalo ku-Linux, ngaphandle kokwenza umsindo omkhulu. Kunokuba isiqalisi esivamile sezithombe, umgomo wayo ukuhlanganisa indlela imidlalo ye-Windows esebenza ngayo ne-Proton ngaphandle kwe-Steam , ukuze noma yiliphi iklayenti noma iskripthi sikwazi ukusizakala ngendawo efanayo i-Valve eyisebenzisayo ngaphandle kokuthembela ku-Steam uqobo.

Kalula nje: I-UMU ikopisha imodeli yesitsha se-Steam Runtime (efanayo nesetshenziswa yi-Proton kanye ne-Steam Linux Runtime) ngokulungiswa okumbalwa, ngakho-ke i-Proton isebenza ngendlela efanayo nendlela ebingasebenza ngayo ngaphakathi kwe-Steam, kodwa kusukela kunoma yisiphi isiqalisi esihambisanayo njenge-Lutris, Heroic , noma Bottles, ngisho nangomyalo olula we-terminal. Futhi yebo, awudingi ukufakwa kwe-Steam ukuze uyisebenzise.

Iyini i-UMU Launcher futhi igama layo livelaphi?

I-UMU empeleni iyi-adaptation ye-Steam Linux Runtime "sniper" kanye ne-Steam Runtime Tools , ene-entrepreneurs yayo kanye nezinsiza zokuhlanganiswa kweqembu lesithathu. Igama elithi "umu" alisho ukuthi liyiphutha: libhekisela kuhhavini wasePolynesia owenziwe ngamatshe entaba-mlilo ashisayo , lapho noma yini oyibekayo phezulu "iphekiwe." Lesi singathekiso sifanelana nethuluzi lesitsha sikaValve elibizwa ngokuthi "isitsha sokucindezela": I-UMU ingaba "isitofu" lapho kubekwa khona isitsha sokucindezela ukuze kulungiselelwe indawo lapho i-Proton "ipheka" khona imidlalo yakho.

Lapho iSteam iqala umdlalo ngeProton, yethula uchungechunge lwezinqubo lapho ivame ukuvela khona i-steam-launch-wrapper (a ma umgijimi eyisa phambili okuguquguqukayo kwemvelo) futhi, ngokubaluleke kakhulu, i I-SteamLinuxRuntime_sniper neyakhe _v2-entry-point ehlanganisa isitsha futhi ilayishe iProton. I-UMU iphinda leyo ngqondo: iskripthi _v2-entry-point iqanjwe kabusha ngokuthi umu, kuyanezela umu-run ukufaka esikhundleni steam-launch-wrapper futhi imininingwane edingekayo ilungiswa Sebenzisa i-Proton ngaphandle kwe-Steam ukugcina okulindelwe kwemvelo okudingwa yiProton (okuguquguqukayo kwemvelo kufakiwe).

Isebenza kanjani: okuguquguqukayo kwemvelo, isitsha, kanye ne-mu-run

Ukhiye ungaphakathi qala umdlalo ngaphakathi kohlobo olufanayo lwesiqukathi esisetshenziswa yiSteam, neziguquguqukayo ezifanele ze-Proton. I-UMU ikuvumela ukuthi ucele umu-run okubonisa umdlalo ongasebenziseka, izimpikiswano futhi, ngokuzikhethela, i-WINEPREFIX, inguqulo ye-Proton kanye nesitolo lapho umdlalo uvela khona ukuze usebenzise ukulungiswa okuthile.

Amapharamitha ayinhloko kanye neziguquguquko ze -umu-run okufanele uzazi:

  • ISINGENISO SEWINE: Umzila wesiqalo WINE. Uma ungayicacisi, i-UMU ikudala ngokuzenzakalelayo $HOME/Games/umu/GAMEID. Uma ungayichazi i-GAMEID, isiqalo esimisiwe sizoba $HOME/Games/umu/umu-default.
  • GAMEID: kungaba yinani elingafanele noma i-ID evumelekile ku- umu-database. Uma ungayichazi, isetshenziswa umu-default (ngaphandle kokulungiswa okuzenzakalelayo).
  • PROTONPATH: indlela egcwele yenguqulo ye-Proton ofuna ukuyisebenzisa. Futhi isekela inani I-GE-Proton ukuze landa ngokuzenzakalelayo ukwakhiwa kwakamuva kusuka ku-GE-Proton. Uma ungayibonisi, UMU-Proton (isakhiwo esizinzile esivela kuValve esisekelwa i-UMU) inketho ezenzakalelayo.
  • UKUBEKA: isitolo segeyimu noma "isitolo sangaphambili" (isibonelo, isib, i-gognjll.). I-UMU ihlanganisa STORE + GAMEID ukucinga izilungiso ezithile kusizindalwazi sakho.
  • PROTON_VERB: Isenzo seProton okufanele sisetshenziswe. Uma ungayisethi, sebenzisa "waitforexitandrun".
  • UMU_LOG: Inika amandla amalogi okususa iphutha e-UMU. Iwusizo for xilonga izinkinga.
  • UMU_ZENITY: uma isebenza, bonisa izigelekeqe nge-Zenity lapho ulanda amafayela amakhulu.
  • UMU_RUNTIME_UPDATE y UMU_NO_PROTON: izinketho ezengeziwe ze ukuphathwa kwesikhathi sokusebenza noma izimo lapho ungafuni ukuthi i-UMU iphathe i-Proton.

Futhi, I-UMU ilanda ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi isebenzisa i-Steam Runtime edingekayo kunguqulo ye-Proton ekhethiwe, futhi ufake amafayela ayo kuyo $HOME/.local/share/umu. Ngalokho, isitsha sesikhathi sokusebenza sesilungile futhi Umdlalo ugijima sengathi ungowokuzalwa kuSteam, ngaphandle nje kwe-Steam.

Izinzuzo: Kungani lokhu kuhlanganisa kubalulekile

Indlela ye-UMU yenza kube lula ngabo bonke abaqalisi ukukhuluma "ulimi" olufanayo lapho bedlala imidlalo nge-Proton. Lokhu kunikeza izinzuzo eziningana ezicacile kokubili abasebenzisi kanye nabathuthukisi:

  • Azikho izimfuneko ze-Steam: Awusalidingi iklayenti le-Steam noma okuhamba ngakubili ukuze usebenzise i-Proton.
  • Isisekelo sokulungiswa okuhlanganisiwe- Ukulungiswa okuqondene nomdlalo othile (ama-protonfixes) kwabelwana ngawo kuwo wonke umphakathi nakubo bonke abaqalisi abahlukahlukene.
  • Ukulingana ne-Steam: Imidlalo iqala ngeProton ngaphakathi kohlobo olufanayo lwesiqukathi esisetshenziswa yiSteam, iphindaphinda indawo yayo.
  • Ukugcinwa endaweni eyodwa: uma okuthile kushintsha, ibuyekezwa ku-Proton GE kanye/noma kuma-protonfixes noma esakhiweni esihlanganisiwe se-Proton, ethinta wonke umuntu kahle.

Namuhla i-protonfixes ipakisha ifolda yendawo ye "ukulungiswa kwegeyimu", kodwa iphrojekthi ngokwayo iphakamisa lokho ingaguqukela ekulandisweni kwe-inthanethi ukuze noma yiliphi ithuluzi olisebenzisayo umu-run thola ukulungiswa okudingayo endaweni eyodwa.

Ama-ProtonFixes kanye Nesizindalwazi se-UMU: Indlela Ukulungisa Kusetshenziswa Ngayo

I-UMU iphakamisa indlela elula yokusebenza yesiqalisi ukuhlonza umdlalo, isitolo sawo, kanye nokulungiswa okuhambisanayo, bese iwusebenzisa ngokuzenzakalelayo ngaphambi kokusebenzisa i-Proton. Inqubo, njengoba ichaziwe, iqukethe lezi zinyathelo:

  1. Dala i-database nezihloko zemidlalo, omazisi babo ezitolo ezahlukene kanye umu-ID kuhlobene.
  2. I-pitcher isesha isisekelo sedatha yegeyimu bese ithola ifayela umu-ID, okwenzeka ku umu-run kanye ISITOLO, i-Proton, i-WINEPREFIX, esebenzisekayo nezingxabano.
  3. Lapho uqala umdlalo nge umu-run, ama-protonfixes ithola i-STORE + umu-ID, ithola umbhalo wokulungisa ofanele futhi uyasisebenzisa ngaphambi kokubulawa.
  4. i-protonfixes ihlela imibhalo ibe yi- amafolda esitolo ngasinye. Igeyimu efanayo igcina umu-ID ofanayo ezitolo eziningi; ingase ibe nemibhalo eqondene nesitolo noma isixhumanisi ekulungiseni okukhona uma wabelana ngezidingo.

Isibonelo abasinikezayo yilesi I-Borderlands 3 ku-Epic Games Store (EGS). I-EGS isebenzisa "amagama ekhodi" njenge "Catnip". Isiqalisi sithola ukuthi isitolo isib futhi igama lekhodi lithi ICatnip, ithintana nesizindalwazi, ihlobanise ne-"Borderlands 3" kanye ne- umu-ID okuhambisanayo (isibonelo, umu-12345), futhi leyo ID idluliselwa kuyo umu-run. Yile ndlela ukulungiswa okulungile kuqinisekiswa ngayo nanoma isitolo singasebenzisi igama lomkhiqizo wegeyimu.

Izinkomba zokusetshenziswa: izinketho nezibonelo

I-UMU ihlanganisa imibhalo ejwayelekile ikhasi lomuntu ukuze umu-run, ngezinhlobo zokusetshenziswa ezifana umu-run , umu-run ] o umu-run winetricks , ngaphezu kwalokho --config <FILE> y --helpPhakathi kwezibonelo zabo abaziphakamisayo amacala angokoqobo like:

  • Gijimani umdlalo ngqo.
  • Qalisa igeyimu nge-protonfix ethile.
  • Ukusebenzisa ifayela lokumisa ukwenza parameterize ukubulawa.
  • Dala i-WINEPREFIX UMU futhi uyethule ngeProton.
  • Khetha i-Proton ngokuzenzakalelayo (bese udala isiqalo uma kudingeka).
  • Chaza isenzo seProton esivumelekile ngokusobala.
  • Nika amandla amalogi okususa iphutha ukuxilonga amaphutha.
  • Phoqa inguqulo ethile ye-Proton ngegama.
  • Sebenzisa ukwakhiwa kwakamuva kwe-GE-Proton ngokuzenzakalelayo.
  • Yenza izenzo ze-winetricks funa umu-run.
  • Khubaza uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-protonfixes uma uyidinga.

Izinsiza ezihlobene zifaka phakathi izinkomba ku- winetricks , zenity , umu(5) uqobo , kanye nemibhalo yesikhathi sokusebenza kwesitsha se-Steam . Iphinde ixhumanise nezindawo zokugcina ze-Proton , umu-protonfixes , kanye ne- umu-database yalabo abafisa ukuhlola kabanzi noma ukufaka isandla.

Ukwakha nokufaka: kusuka ku-make kuya ku-nixpkgs

Kulabo abathanda ukuhlanganisa noma ukupakisha, i-UMU ibhala ukuthi ukwakhiwa kudinga amathuluzi e -bash , make , scdoc , kanye ne-Python (build, hatchling, installer, pip). Ngaphezu kwalokho, zidinga i -MSRV encane elingana nenguqulo yakamuva eqinile yokuxhomekeka kwayo okuqondile.

Ukugeleza okunconyiwe yilokhu: landa ikhodi, faka uhla lwemibhalo, khipha configure.sh --prefix ukusetha isiqalo sokufaka (isibonelo /usr/local o /app uma uzopakisha ku-Flatpak), sebenzisa make futhi uma konke kuhamba kahle uzoba nama-artifacts ngaphakathi ./builddir. Bese ungagijima make install ukufaka.

Okokufakwa komsebenzisi, I-UMU ibeka okusebenzisekayo ngaphakathi $HOME/.local/bin. Qiniseka ukuthi engeza lolo hlu lwemibhalo ku-PATH yakho (ngokwesibonelo, ukuyithekelisa ku $HOME/.bash_profile) uma ufuna ukuyicela ngaphandle kwendlela egcwele.

Ngaphandle kwalokho, baphakamisa ukusebenzisa i-`uv` ukudala indawo ebonakalayo futhi balungiselele i-UMU ngokushesha . Umhlahlandlela uphakamisa ukukhiqiza iskripthi kufolda yephrojekthi , ukudala indawo ebonakalayo nge -`uv` , ukufaka okuxhomeke kukho, nokusebenzisa iskripthi nge- `uv`.

En I-NixOS/nixpkgs, UMU itholakala njenge pkgs.umu-launcher kusukela ngo-25.05 (igatsha elingazinzile ngesikhathi esibonisiwe). Baphinde bachaze ukuthi isetshenziswa kanjani ama-flakes uma udinga isifinyezo sakamuva kunesesiteshi, futhi bayakunikeza Izibonelo ze-NixOS ne-Home-Manager. Uma usebenza namashaneli amadala (njenge nixos-24.11), phakamisa ukuhlanganisa iziteshi eziningi noma donsa i-flake yakho.

Amapharamitha wokupakisha ongakwazi ukuwabhala ku-nixpkgs:

  • extraPkgs: engeza amaphakheji engeziwe kumvelo ye-FHS (okuzenzakalelayo) pkgs: []).
  • extraLibraries: engeza imitapo yolwazi eyengeziwe endaweni ye-FHS (ngokuzenzakalelayo) pkgs: []).
  • ngeMultiArch: Faka phakathi imitapo yolwazi engu-32-bit endaweni ye-FHS (ngokuzenzakalelayo) weqiniso).

Uma usebenzisa i-flake, ungalungiselela ukuncika kokuzithandela okufana nalokhu:

  • ngeTruststore: Ivumela ukusetshenziswa kwe- system trust store (okuzenzakalelayo weqiniso).
  • ngeDeltaUpdates: yenza kusebenze okuncikile kokuthi I-Proton "izibuyekezo ze-delta" (okuzenzakalelayo weqiniso).

Baphinde babonise izindlela zokusebenzisa i- ukumbondela nge-specialArgs noma ngqo phakathi flake.nix, kanye nesibonelo sokweqa ama-agumenti ephakheji.

I-Steam Runtime, Amalogi, nokulungisa iphutha

I-UMU ithembele ku -Steam Runtime esekelwe esitsheni (efanayo esetshenziswa imidlalo ye-Linux yomdabu kanye ne-Proton 8.0+ ). Ukuze kutholakale izinkinga kule ndawo, i-runtime ngokwayo isekela iziguquguquko zemvelo eziwusizo lapho iqaliswa ngeklayenti le-Steam, ezisebenza futhi njengereferensi lapho isebenza nesitsha:

  • STEAM_LINUX_RUNTIME_LOG=1: inika amandla amalogi avela ku SteamLinuxRuntime_sniper/var/slr-*.log (nge-AppID egameni). slr-latest.log Kuyinto a ukuvumelanisa kuze kube sekugcineni ukukhiqizwa.
  • STEAM_LINUX_RUNTIME_VERBOSE=1: i-verbosity eyengeziwe ekukhiqizweni (kumafayela uma kukhona LOG=1 noma endaweni efanayo nokukhishwayo steam kodwa).
  • PRESSURE_VESSEL_SHELL=esikhundleni salokho: esikhundleni sokuqala umdlalo, ivula igobolondo elisebenzisanayo ngaphakathi kwesitsha ukuze zihlolwe.

Valve imibhalo okucatshangwayo mayelana ukusatshalaliswa okusekelwayo, amathiphu okulungisa iphutha, futhi igcina amanothi okukhululwa nezinkinga ezaziwayo zesikhathi sokusebenza. Uma uthuthukisa imidlalo futhi unentshisekelo kuyo khomba leyo ndawo, hlola i-SDK yayo nolwazi lobuchwepheshe lonjiniyela. Sonke isikhathi sokusebenza sihlanganisa isoftware yomuntu wesithathu enamalayisense ayo avuliwe kanye nekhodi yomthombo iyatholakala kunkomba yenguqulo (bona VERSIONS.txt ukubona izincwadi).

Izibuyekezo zakamuva kanye hotfixes

Esibuyekezweni sakamuva, abanakekeli bakhiphe i -hotfix ebuyisela izinguquko ku-"reaper" ngoba babephula ama-UMU ngaphakathi kwezikhathi ze-GameScope ku-Flatpak . Uhlu luthi:

  • Ukuguqulwa of "umu_run: qedela ukuqaliswa kokuvuna ku-mu".
  • Ukuguqulwa of "umu_run: sebenzisa i-steammode workaround enqubweni eyinhloko".
  • Ukuguqulwa kokuthi "umu_run: sebenzisa amanani wokubonisa anekhodi eqinile okwamanje".
  • Amanothi okukhishwa abuyekeziwe (amanothi okukhululwa kweqhubu).

Lolu hlobo lwe-hotfix lubonisa ukuthi iphrojekthi isabela ngokushesha ekubuyeleni emuva ezindaweni ezithile njenge-Flatpak + gamescope, okuyisihluthulelo sabasebenzisi be -Steam Deck noma amadeskithophu asebenzisa leso sitaki.

Isimo sephrojekthi: inguqulo yokuqala esemthethweni kanye nenhloso yangempela

Inguqulo 1.1.1 igqanyiswe njengokukhishwa kokuqala okusemthethweni kwe-Unified Linux Wine Game Launcher nguThomas "GloriousEggroll" Crider kanye nomphakathi we-Open Wine Components. Bagcizelela ukuthi akuyona isiqalisi esinemifanekiso njenge-Steam/Heroic/Lutris , kodwa kunalokho ungqimba oluvamile labo baqalisi abangalusebenzisa ukusebenzisa imidlalo esekelwe ku-Proton ngaphandle kwe-Steam ngokwethembeka okufanayo nangaphakathi kwe-Steam.

Zibonisa ukuthi kufanele isebenze ngaphakathi kwe-Flatpak kanye ne-Snap , futhi zinikeze imiyalelo yokupakisha kokubili amafomethi endaweni yazo yokugcina. Umgomo uwukuba noma yiluphi uhlelo lokusebenza lukwazi ukuqalisa izihloko ezivela ezitolo ezifana ne-Epic, i-GOG, noma i-Amazon ezinekhwalithi efanayo neyaku-Steam, zizuze kuma -protonfixes kanye nedathabheyisi ehlanganisiwe yokuthuthukisa ukuhambisana.

Izixhumanisi kanye nemibhalo enconyiwe

Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe, amadokhumenti axhumanisa nezinsizakusebenza ezifana namanothi okukhishwa kwe-Steam Runtime Sniper , izinkinga zesikhathi sokusebenza ezaziwayo kanye nendlela yokubika amaphutha , kanye nedokhumenti yesikhathi sokusebenza kwesitsha . Kufanelekile futhi ukubuyekezwa:

Le phrojekthi inakekelwa yi-Open Wine Components ngosizo lwabanye abanikeli. Uma ungathanda ukufaka isandla, batusa ukufaka i-Ruff ekusakazweni kwakho nokuvumela iseva ye-Ruff kumhleli wakho ukuthi ilondoloze isitayela sekhodi esihambisanayo.

I-UMU isebenza njengesinamathiseli sobuchwepheshe phakathi kwe-Proton neziqalisi, ngesikhathi sokusebenza esijwayelekile kanye nesisekelo sokulungisa esabiwe; lokhu kuvumela umphakathi ukuthi uqhubekele phambili ngokushesha nangokungaxabani okuncane, futhi abasebenzisi bathola ukuzinza kanye nobulula lapho bedlala imidlalo yabo ngaphandle kwe-Steam ngekhwalithi efanayo.


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