I-BitTorrent iyiphrothokholi eyenzelwe ukwabelana ngamafayela phakathi kwe-peer-to-peer (P2P), efana ne-aMule, i-eDonkey, nabanye. Yaklanywa nguBram Cohen ngo-2001 futhi okwamanje igcinwa yi-BitTorrent Inc. Njengezinye iphrothokholi ezifana ne-FTP, kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zamaklayenti e-BitTorrent, kodwa iphrothokholi ngokwayo akufanele ididaniswe neklayenti elinalo igama layo.
Nakuba abaningi behlobanisa lolu hlobo lwesofthiwe nobusela, ekuqaleni lwalungaklanyelwanga leyo njongo, kodwa lwaluklanyelwe ukwabelana ngamafayela phakathi kwabasebenzisi ngenethiwekhi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkampani eziningi noma abathuthukisi banikeza izixhumanisi ze-BitTorrent zokulanda isofthiwe yabo ngeklayenti esikhundleni sokunikeza inketho yokuyilanda kusuka kuseva ye-FTP (njengoba kunjalo ngokusabalalisa okuningi).
Uhlaka lweBitTorrent:
Iklayenti le-BitTorrent , njengeklayenti le-FTP, yisofthiwe engalanda ifayela kusuka kusixhumanisi se-.torrent. Iningi lamakhasimende livumela ukulandwa okuningi ukuthi kusebenze ngesikhathi esisodwa futhi kulawule ukuze kuqaliswe kabusha nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, ngisho nangemva kokuba uhlelo lokusebenza seluvaliwe, njengezinhlelo ezifana ne-aMule.
Ngakho-ke amaklayenti "awubuso obubonakalayo" benethiwekhi yonke esebenzisa iphrothokholi ye-BitTorrent futhi athembele kuyo ukwenza ukulanda. Kodwa-ke, ukuze la manethiwekhi asebenze kahle, kudingeka uchungechunge lwezingxenye :
- Ontanga noma amaphuzu: bangabasebenzisi benethiwekhi.
- Ama-leechers noma ama-leeches: bonke abasebenzisi abalanda ifayili kodwa abangakalitholi liphelele ngakho-ke abakwazi ukuthathwa njengamaseva wefayela eliphelele elifanayo labanye abasebenzisi noma labo abalanda futhi abangabelani ngalo.
- Izimbewu noma imbewu: labo basebenzisi benethiwekhi asebelilandile ifayela futhi ngenxa yalokho baba amaseva wefayela eliphelele lamanye amaklayenti enethiwekhi anentshisekelo kufayela elifanayo.
- Ama-trackers noma ama-trackers: Yiseva ekhethekile equkethe imininingwane ngamaphoyinti enethiwekhi, iwavumela ukuthi axhumane phakathi kwawo futhi azi ukuthi iziphi izimbewu okufanele zixhumane nazo ukuze zilandwe.
- Iqhubu noma isibungu: Yiyo yonke inethiwekhi yabasebenzisi lapho i-traker isesha ifayili elithile.
Ukusebenza kweBitTorrent:
Ngalolu hlaka, okusele nje ukulusebenzisa ukuze kudawunilodwe. Kulokhu, kudingeka iklayenti, elizokwazi ukusebenzisa lezi zinsiza ukusesha noma ukulanda ifayela elifunwayo elitholakala phakathi kwabahlwanyeli. Izinyathelo okufanele zilandelwe ukuze lokhu kusebenze yilezi:
- Izixhumanisi ze-.torrent amafayela aqukethe isixhumanisi esidingekayo ekulandweni. Zingaseshwa kwiklayenti, uma lokhu kuvumela le nketho, noma kulandwe ngqo ekhasini lewebhu. I-.torrent izoba nemininingwane (efakwe ngekhodi ngaphansi kwe-Bencoding) ekhomba i-tracker ukuthi ijoyine izimbewu eziqukethe ifayela elidingekayo.
- Uhlelo lwamakhasimende ungavula i-.torrent ukuze uyihumushe bese uthola ukulanda kusebenza. Izokuvumela futhi ukuthi umise, ukhansele noma umise okwesikhashana ukulanda ukuze kuqhubeke lapho udinga khona, ize ikhiqize namafayela adingekayo ukuze uma ufuna ukucisha ikhompyutha yakho, ukulanda kuzoqhubeka lapho kugcine khona ngaphandle kokuchitha isikhathi.
- Iklayenti lisebenzisa imininingwane ku-.torrent ku- xhuma ne-tracker nokubonga kontanga kuxhumano lwe-HTTP. Ngaleso sikhathi, i-tracker ibika uhlu lwabasebenzisi abalanda lelo fayela kanye nembewu enalo ngokugcwele, ukuze ukwazi ukuxhumana nabo futhi wabelane ngalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-tracker izovuselela uhlu lontanga ukuze ikungeze futhi futhi, uma unefayela eliphelele futhi ulihlanganyela, izokungeza ohlwini lwembewu.
- Manje, ngochungechunge lwama-algorithms, usuvele uyazi ukuthi ungazibheka kuphi izingxenye zokulanda nangokusebenzisa amasokhethi we-TCP noma we-UDP uzoxhumana nalaba abanye abasebenzisi ababelana nabo qala ukulanda bese uqala ukwabelana nabanye ontanga ngokuzenzakalelayo.
Izinjini zokusesha zesifufula
Ukuze uthole amafayela akho e-.torrent, ungasebenzisa izinjini zokusesha ezakhelwe ngaphakathi kumaklayenti amaningi e-BitTorrent kanye nakwamanye amawebhusayithi okulanda. Njengoba ngishilo, amasayithi amaningi okulanda amaphrojekthi athile, njengokusatshalaliswa kwe-Linux, anikeza enye indlela yokulanda okuqondile kusuka kumaseva e-FTP, njengezixhumanisi ze-Torrent. Kodwa uma ufuna okuthile okuqondile, ungakhetha izinjini zokusesha zewebhu ezifana nalezi:
- IPirate Bay nama-clones ayo (oldpiratebay.org, thepiratebay.la, thepiratebay.vg, thepiratebay.am, thepiratebay.mn, thepiratebay.gd,…)
- I-Kickass Torrent
- I-Torrentz
- Ngaphezulu
- I-YTS
- I-RARBG
- isoHunt
- I-1337x
- lekambit.cc
- Abanye…
Uhlu lwamakhasimende amahle kakhulu weBitTorrent weLinux:
Nasi uhlu lwamakhasimende e-BitTorrent amahle kakhulu futhi avelele kakhulu e-GNU/Linux atholakalayo njengamanje, yize kunezinye izindlela:
uTorrent
I-uTorrent ibizwa ngokuthi "micro-torrent" noma "mu-torrent ," yize ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-you-torrent. Iyiklayenti le-BitTorrent elaziwayo futhi ingenye yezindlela ezinhle kakhulu ongazithola. Ukuthandwa kwayo kuvela ngesivinini sayo, ukwakheka okulula, kanye nokutholakala kwayo mahhala. Kodwa-ke, muva nje ilahlekelwe ukuthandwa ngenxa yokuyekiswa kwephrojekthi.
I-uTorrent yadalwa ngo-2005 futhi yathuthukiswa nguLudvig Strigeus kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, yize yathengwa yiBitTorrent Inc. ngoDisemba 2006 futhi isatshalaliswa ngaphansi kwelayisensi yobunikazi. Abasebenzisi abaningi batusa ukusebenzisa inguqulo ka-2011, i-uTorrent 2.2.1, yize inguqulo yakamuva eqinile ingu-3.4.2 kusukela ngo-2014.
qBitTorrent
I-qBitTorrent ingenye iklayenti le-BitTorrent elicebile ngezici . Ibhalwe nge-C++ kanye ne-Qt4, isebenzisa umtapo wolwazi we-libtorrent-rasterbar njengesisekelo sayo. Isibe yindlela engcono kakhulu kwamanye amaklayenti ngoba ishesha futhi ifaka ukwesekwa kwe-Unicode, injini yokusesha ye-torrent eqinile, ukwesekwa kwe-PeX, ukulanda nokulayisha ngasikhathi sinye, ukuphathwa kwemibhalo, nokuningi.
Uma ufisa futhi ungumsebenzisi we-Ubuntu , kufanele wazi ukuthi iyatholakala ukuze ilandwe ezindaweni zokugcina lokhu kusabalala, kanye nakwamanye ama-distro.
transmission
I-Transmission iyiklayenti le-BitTorrent eliza lifakwe kusengaphambili ku-Ubuntu nakwezinye izinsiza ze-Linux ezisekelwe ku-Ubuntu. Ayithinti ukusebenza kwesistimu futhi kulula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa, iyashesha, iyasebenza, inomthombo ovulekile, imahhala, futhi i-cross-platform. Ngakho-ke, ingaba inketho efanelekile kubasebenzisi abasha, ene-interface elula (GTK+ kanye ne-Qt).
Isebenzisa izinsizakusebenza ezimbalwa zehadiwe , ngakho-ke ungasebenza nezinye izinhlelo noma ungenayo ikhompyutha enamandla kakhulu. Uma iqhathaniswa neVuze, idinga izinsizakusebenza ezimbalwa ngenkathi igcina ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu, yize ingenazo izinketho eziningi ezithuthukisiwe njengezinye iklayenti.
Vuze
I-Vuze uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-BitTorrent olunamandla kakhulu emhlabeni , noma okungenani yilokho okushiwo abathuthukisi bayo nabasebenzisi. Ngaphambilini eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Azureus, yathuthukiswa nge-Java futhi ivulekile. Ukulanda kuyashesha kakhulu, futhi isebenza kude ngewebhu, ikuvumela ukuthi uphathe ukulanda kusuka kunoma iyiphi idivayisi, noma kuphi.
Ihlanganisa ukusakaza kokuqukethwe kwevidiyo okunencazelo ephezulu noma kwekhwalithi ye-DVD ngensizakalo enikezwa yinkampani yaseCalifornia iVuze Inc. , eyayithuthukisa. Naphezu kwalezi zinzuzo, iVuze isebenzisa izinsiza eziningi kunamanye amaklayenti, njenge-uTorrent noma i-Transmission.
Ukhukhulo
I-Deluge, kanye ne-Transmission, ingenye indlela engcono kakhulu ye-Linux . Ibhalwe nge-Python kanye ne-GTK+ nge-PyGTK. Isebenza kuzo zonke izinhlaka futhi ingasetshenziswa kunoma yiluphi uhlelo lokusebenza olunamathela ku-POSIX standard. Kodwa njengoba ungalindela, njengoba isekelwe ku-GTK, inikeza ukwesekwa okujwayelekile nokugcwele kwezindawo zedeskithophu ze-GNOME kanye ne-Xfce…
Ifilosofi kaDeluge iwukuba lula futhi isebenze kahle , okuvumela ukulandwa okuningi ukuthi kwenziwe ngesikhathi esisodwa ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izinsiza eziningi ngokweqile. Ngale ndlela, iDeluge ngeke iphazamise eminye imisebenzi ongase uyenze.
I-FatRat
Bambalwa abantu abaziyo noma abasebenzisa i-FatRat , kodwa lokho akusho ukuthi kufanele ithathwe kancane. Luhlelo oluyiklayenti le-BitTorrent kanye nomphathi wokulanda, konke kukodwa. Lusekela ama-HTTP(s), ama-FTP, ama-Socks5, kanye nama-HTTP proxies, futhi lungaphatha ukulandwa kusuka kuma-portal afana ne-RapidShare, njll.
I-KTorrent
I-KTorrent ilingana ne-KDE ethi Deluge . Ibhalwe nge-C++ kanye ne-Qt futhi iyingxenye ye-KDE ExtraGear. I-interface yayo ilula kakhulu futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa. Kuyindlela enhle nethandwayo uma usebenzisa i-KDE.
IBitTornado
I-BitTornado ingenye iklayenti futhi ilandela iKlayenti Lokuhlola le-Shadow . Njengoba ibhekwa njengenye yezindlela ezithuthuke kakhulu zale protocol, iyindlela enhle uma ufuna izici ezithuthuke kakhulu. Ine-interface enhle futhi inikeza imisebenzi emisha nethakazelisayo: ukulanda nokulayisha imikhawulo, ulwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana nokuxhumana namanye amaklayenti, ukwesekwa kwe-UPnP, i-IPv6, nokuningi.
I-RTorrent
I-rTorrent iyiklayenti le-BitTorrent elisekelwe kumbhalo , ngakho-ke alifanele abasebenzisi abangenalwazi noma labo abangathandi ukusebenza kusukela ku-terminal. Naphezu komklamo wayo olula nolula, ukuntuleka kwe-interface yesithombe akunciphisi ikhono layo lokuncintisana namanye amakhasimende.
I-rTorrent isekelwe kulabhulali ye-libtorrent futhi yabhalwa nge-C++, ngefilosofi yokuklama esekelwe ekusebenzeni kahle kanye nesivinini… Ngakho-ke, kuwumqondo omuhle uma unezinsiza ezilinganiselwe kakhulu kukhompyutha yakho.
I-Aria2
I-Aria2 akuyona iklayenti le-BitTorrent ngokwayo ; iyithuluzi elisekelwe kumbhalo, ngakho-ke isebenzisa izinsiza ezimbalwa kakhulu, kodwa ikuvumela ukuthi ulande amafayela noma wabelane ngawo usebenzisa amaphrothokholi amaningi. Ayisekeli i-BitTorrent kuphela, kodwa futhi ungaphatha ukulandwa nge-HTTP, i-HTTPS, kanye ne-FTP kusuka ku-console.
I-TorrentFlux-B4RT
I-Torrentflux iyiklayenti le-BitTorrent elingafakwa kumaseva asebenzisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene: i-GNU/Linux, i-Unix, kanye ne-BSD. Uma selifakiwe, lingalungiswa futhi liphathwe nge-interface yewebhu enembile futhi elula, njengoba lingenaso isikhombimsebenzisi esibonakalayo esinemifanekiso.
Itholakala ngezilimi eziningana futhi ikuvumela ukuthi ube nabasebenzisi abaningana ngasikhathi sinye, okuvumela ngamunye ukuthi abe nohlu lokulanda oluhlukile kuseshini yabo nokulungiswa okuhlukile ngaphandle kokuphazanyisana. Ngenxa yesixhumi esibonakalayo sewebhu, sikuvumela ukuthi wenze imisebenzi eminingi, kufaka phakathi ukusesha izifufula ngqo kusuka kubathrekhi noma ukubasesha ngendlela yendabuko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona amathuluzi nezinsiza ezakhiwe ngabantu besithathu ukugcwalisa iTorrentflux.
I-FrostWire
Nakuba i-FrostWire ingeyona enye yamaklayenti e-BitTorrent amahle kakhulu , itholakala kumapulatifomu amaningi, kufaka phakathi i-Windows, i-macOS, i-Android, ne-Linux. Ivelele ngokusetshenziswa kwayo okulula futhi ayinazo izikhangiso eziphazamisayo ezitholakala kwamanye amaklayenti amahhala.
Inenjini yokusesha ephelele ekuvumela ukuthi useshe usebenzisa izihlungi ezahlukahlukene kanye nemithombo eminingi ngasikhathi sinye, okwandisa amathuba akho okuthola okufunayo. Ngaphezu kokuphatha nokusesha okulandwayo kwakho, ingadlala nokuqukethwe kwe-multimedia okulandayo.
I-Tixati
Nakuba itholakala ku-Windows kusukela ekuqaleni, i-Tixati nayo isetshenziswe ku-Linux . Iyintandokazi kwabaningi ngoba ilula futhi ivumela ukulanda okusheshayo. I-interface yayo yesithombe ilula, kodwa inikeza imisebenzi ebalulekile wonke umuntu ayifunayo futhi ayinzima kakhulu.
I-BitTorrent nefu
Ifu linikeza izinsizakalo ezintsha namathuba amasha ajabulisayo, okuthi uma kuhlanganiswa nobuchwepheshe obukhona, kuvuleke umhlaba omusha wamathuba. Ukuhlanganisa i-cloud computing ne-BitTorrent kunikeza isibonelo esihle, njengoba kunezinsizakalo zefu zokulanda nokwabelana kusetshenziswa le protocol.
Kunezinsizakalo eziningi zamafu ezitholakalayo, zamahhala nezikhokhelwayo , ziphelele uma ufuna izinsiza ezengeziwe noma ungafuni ukushiya ikhompyutha yakho ivuliwe amahora noma izinsuku. Phakathi kwezinketho, uzothola okunikezwayo okuhlukahlukene kwesivinini sokulanda, isikhala sesitoreji samafu sokulanda, nokuningi.
Ezinye izibonelo zalolu hlobo lwenkonzo yilezi:
- IBitport: inikeza isivinini sokulanda esingenamkhawulo ne-2GB yesitoreji sefu ukusindisa ukulanda kwakho uze unqume ukuzilanda kudivayisi yakho. Lolu uhlelo lwamahhala, kepha uma sifuna okuningi, kunezinhlelo zamadola ayi-5, 10 no-15 ngenyanga ngezinsizakalo ezingcono, phakathi kokunye ukuthi kungenzeka kube nesikhala esingu-30GB, 100GB no-250GB ngokulandelana.
- Isidleke: insizakalo yamafu enendawo yokugcina engenamkhawulo nokubhaliswa kwamahhala. Inketho enhle uma ukhetha amandla wokugcina, yize ukunambitha kwami, iBitport ingcono kakhulu.
- Abanye: filestream.me, ZbigZ, BTCloud, ...
Ungakhohlwa ukushiya amazwana akho anezigxeko, iziphakamiso, noma imibuzo… Ngithemba ukuthi lesi sihloko sikusizile ukukhetha iklayenti le-BitTorrent.