Bhala i-Pendrive evikelwe ku-Linux

i-pendrive evikelwe ukubhala

Uma unememori khadi ye-SD, i-pendrive noma iyiphi i-disk yokugcina i-USB oyifunayo bhala vikelaKulesi sihloko sizokutshela igxathu negxathu nangendlela elula ukuthi ungakwenza kanjani. Futhi kukhona okuncane kokuvikelwa kokubhala okuvunyelwe abashayeli abathile, abaziwa ngokuthi «bhala ukuvikelwa kancane»Kuya ngokuthi iyasebenza yini ku-1 noma ku-0, izovumela ukubhalela iyunithi noma cha. Le ncanyana akufanele ididaniswe ne-WP yamarejista amafulegi ama-CPUs, avimbela ukubhala ngaphezulu ngokwakha inqubo yokufaka imfoloko kuzinhlelo ezifana ne-UNIX, ngaleyo ndlela ivikele inkumbulo enkulu ekubhalweni kwedatha. Noma kuthebhu ejwayelekile yokuvikela esiyithola kwamanye amakhadi e-SD noma kwimidiya yokugcina. Kulokhu sikhuluma ngokuvikelwa okwenziwa kwimidiya yesibili yokugcina.

Ngenkathi isilawuli se- indawo yokugcina Imemori khadi ye-USB noma ye-SD, noma yini, ukuthola ukuthi le bit iyasebenza, umshayeli uzovimbela i-kernel eku-odeni i-oda lokubhala ngakho-ke izokwazi ukufunda okuqukethwe kuphela. Kuyasebenza impela lapho sigcina idatha esingafuni ukuyiguqula, sigweme ukubhala noma ukususa ngephutha. Kepha uma enye yalezi zindaba ezivikelwe iwele ezandleni zethu futhi singazi ngobukhona bale nto, singachitha amahora sicabanga ukuthi iyunithi lethu lilimele, noma ukukhulisa nokunciphisa ithebhu encane amanye amapayipi noma amakhadi we-SD okufanele zivikele ngaphandle kwanoma yimuphi umphumela. (Khiya / Vula) ...

Khweza imidiya yokufunda kuphela noma yokubhala kuphela:

Ikhadi le-SD elinethebhu yokukhiya

Yize kungeyona into esiyifunayo nge-Writ Protection Bit, futhi singathola ukuthi umuntu osebenzisayo ubelokhu ekhona ngokuzenzakalela noma ngesandla kufakwa ukufundwa kuphela, ngakho-ke ngeke sibe namandla okubhala kuyo. Okuthile kwezinye izimo kungacasula kakhulu futhi kusivikele ekuguquleni noma ekugcineni izinto. Yebo, isixazululo salokhu silula.

I-athikili ehlobene:
Khubaza isitoreji se-USB ku-Linux

Isibonelo, uma kufayela le- / etc / fstab idivayisi ilungiselelwe ukukhweza ngokuzenzakalela ngenketho ro (funda kuphela) noma uma siyifakile ngomyalo:

sudo mount -o ro /dev/sda /mnt

Esimweni esinjalo singafunda kuphela i- / dev / sda device kuleli cala ibekwe endaweni / mnt mount point. Ukuze sikwazi ukuyibhalela futhi:

sudo mount -o remount,rw /dev/sda /mnt

Uma kwenzeka le ndlela ingakusebenzeli, lapho-ke kuzoba ngoba okuncanyana esikhulume ngakho kuyasebenza, yingakho kuzofanele sisebenzise ithuluzi esilethula ngezansi.

Yini i-hdparm?

I-Hard disk ene-opharetha

Umyalo i-hdparm iyithuluzi elisezingeni eliphansi esebenza njengesixhumi esibonakalayo phakathi kwabashayeli abahlukahlukene be-Linux kernel nemidiya yesitoreji se-SATA / PATA / SAS kusetshenziswa umtapo wolwazi we-libata, kanye nemidiya yakudala ye-IDE. Khumbula ukuthi izilawuli eziningi zemidiya yesitoreji se-USB, kufaka phakathi abafundi bamakhadi njenge-SD, nabo basebenzisa lolu hlobo lwesilawuli ukusebenza, ngakho-ke futhi luyahambisana nabo.

Su i-syntax eyisisekelo es:

i-hdparm [izinketho] [idivayisi]

Nezipho izinketho eziningi ozosebenza ngayo, yize ngingakutusi ukuthi uyisebenzise uma ungazi ukuthi wenzani kahle, ngoba ukuba yithuluzi elisezingeni eliphansi ungalimaza kakhulu idivayisi yakho, ngokwesibonelo uma sisebenzisa ezinye izindlela ezibucayi njenge -B. Kepha ngizokutshela ukuthi phakathi kwezinketho zayo kukhona ezinye ezithakazelisa njenge:

  • Thola i- ukumisa wediski:
sudo hdparm /dev/sdd

  • Khombisa ifayili le- ukuhlonza wediski:
 sudo hdparm -i /dev/sdd 
  • Bheka izikhathi zokufunda ze-buffer ne-cache:
sudo hdparm -t /dev/sdd
sudo hdparm -T /dev/sdd

Khumbula njalo ukusebenzisa amalungelo, okungukuthi, ziqalise njengomsebenzisi wezimpande noma ubeka iSudo phambi kwazo noma zingasebenzi ...

Susa bese usetha kancane ukuvikelwa kwememori nge-hdparm:

Lapho ithuluzi le-hdparm selaziwa, singasebenzisa -r inketho esingabheka ngayo isimo salesi sikhala ngomyalo olula. Ukuze senze lokhu, sidinga kuphela ukwazi igama lomzimba wedivayisi yethu yokugcina. Isibonelo, uma / dev / sdd bebiziwe, kuleso simo singasebenzisa:

 sudo hdparm -r /dev/sdd 

Futhi inani le-bit elishiwoyo lizokhonjiswa esikrinini. Uma inani lalo lingu-1 lokho kusho ukuthi imodi iyasebenza Funda kuphela noma kufundwa kuphela, noma ngamanye amagama, indlela yokubhala ivikela iyasebenza futhi ngeke ukwazi ukubhala noma yini enkumbulweni. Ukuyicima noma ukuguqula kancane, kufanele wenze okulandelayo:

sudo hdparm -r0 /dev/sdd

Futhi manje uma senza umyalo wokuqala futhi sisebenzisa umbuso sizobona ukuthi ubuyele ku-0, ngakho-ke imodi ye-readonly icishiwe noma ayisebenzi. Uma kwenzeka ufuna ukuyibuyisela esimweni esisebenzayo, sebenzisa inketho -r1 Esikhundleni se -r0 futhi ngomumo. Ngokwesibonelo:

sudo hdparm -r1 /dev/sdd

Lokho kulula vumela noma khubaza lokhu kancane. Ayinayo imfihlakalo eningi kakhulu kodwa kulabo abangakwazi lokhu kungaba yikhanda uma kukhulunywa ngokungazivikeli imithombo yezindaba zabo zokugcina.

Ngiyethemba ukuthi kukusizile futhi manje usuyazi ukuthi ungayenza kanjani i-pendrive evikelwe ukubhala, ungakhohlwa shiya umbono wakho...


Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

*

*

  1. Unomthwalo wemfanelo ngedatha: AB Internet Networks 2008 SL
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.

      Hernan kusho

    Sawubona!
    Okokuqala, ngiyabonga ngamanothi! Zihlale zilusizo kakhulu.

    Ngingumsebenzisi we-Debian 9.
    Kulokhu, nginenkinga engingakwazi ukuyixazulula. Nginepeni "elithelelekile" elinokuvikela ukubhala engingakwazi ukukukhipha. Sengivele ngicabanga ukuthi kungokwenyama ngoba ngizame ngokwethembeka yonke into (kwehla ukufometha okusezingeni eliphansi kuWindows noma amadiski wokutakula, ukulungisa ukwahlukanisa, njll.) Futhi lutho.

    Bengicabanga ukuthi sengizoyixazulula, lapho ngilandela izinyathelo zakho, ngithole ukuthi ukuvikelwa kokubhala kwepen drive "kuvuliwe", kepha uma sengikuguqule kwathiwa "off" angikakwazi ukususa noma ukuguqula noma yini kukho.

    Kungaba yini? Ngabe ikhona enye indlela yokuxazulula lokhu? (Angikhathali ukulahlekelwa yimininingwane enginayo ngaphakathi)

    Ngiyabonga kusengaphambili ngosizo lwakho.

    Hernan

         Paco kusho

      Kuhle! Angazi noma bakutshele yini isixazululo noma ekugcineni usixazulule, kepha nami ngisesimweni esifanayo nawe.
      Ungangeluleka?
      Ngiyabonga kakhulu

      ama-willian salgado kusho

    incazelo enhle

      Sergio kusho

    Sawubona ngine-USB uhlelo olungayiboni, ngikuthumela imininingwane uma ungangisiza ngiyabonga

    dmesg

    [83384.348839] usb 1-1: inombolo yedivayisi ye-USB eshesha kakhulu engu-8 isebenzisa i-ehci-pci
    [83384.506219] usb 1-1: Idivayisi entsha ye-USB itholakele, idVendor = 0c76, idProduct = 0005, bcdDevice = 1.00
    [83384.506225] usb 1-1: Izintambo ezintsha zedivayisi ye-USB: Mfr = 1, Product = 2, SerialNumber = 0
    [83384.506228] usb 1-1: Umkhiqizo: Isitoreji Esikhulu se-USB
    [83384.506231] usb 1-1: Umenzi: IGENERIC
    [83384.506848] USB-storage 1-1: 1.0: Kutholwe idivayisi yesitoreji se-USB Mass
    [83384.508235] i-scsi host5: usb-isitoreji 1-1: 1.0
    [83385.524951] scsi 5: 0: 0: 0: Direct-Access GENERIC USB Mass Mass 1.00 PQ: 0 ANSI: 2
    [83385.556757] sd 5: 0: 0: 0: Okunamathiselwe ku-scsi generic sg3 uhlobo 0
    [83385.561706] sd 5: 0: 0: 0: [sdc] Okunamathiselwe kwi-SCSI disk ekhiphekayo

    (i-imeyili ivikelwe): ~ # fdisk -l
    I-Disk / dev / sda: I-698.7 GiB, i-750156374016 bytes, imikhakha ye-1465149168
    Amayunithi: imikhakha yama-1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    Usayizi womkhakha (onengqondo / ngokomzimba): ama-512 byte / 4096 byte
    Usayizi we-I / O (ubuncane / obukhulu): Amabhayithi we-4096 byte / 4096 byte
    Uhlobo lwe-disklabel: gpt
    Disk identifier: 995F9474-C5F1-4EE9-8FD7-13EA790423DC

    Uhlobo losayizi wemikhakha yokuqalisa yedivayisi
    / dev / sda1 2048 1050623 1048576 512M EFI Uhlelo
    / dev / sda2 1050624 49879039 48828416 23.3G Linux uhlelo lwefayela
    / dev / sda3 49879040 69410815 19531776 9.3G Linux uhlelo lwefayela
    / dev / sda4 69410816 76107775 6696960 3.2G Ukushintshwa kweLinux
    / dev / sda5 76107776 80013311 3905536 1.9G uhlelo lwefayela le-Linux
    / dev / sda6 80013312 1465147391 1385134080 660.5G uhlelo lwefayela le-Linux

    (i-imeyili ivikelwe): ~ # fdisk -l / dev / sdc
    i-fdisk: ayikwazi ukuvula / i-dev / sdc: Akukho okuphakathi okutholakele

    (i-imeyili ivikelwe): ~ # hdparm / dev / sdc

    / dev / sdc:
    I-SG_IO: idatha yomqondo omubi / olahlekile, sb []: f0 00 02 00 00 00 00 0 00b 00 00 00 3 00a 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 XNUMX XNUMX
    ukubalwa kwamanani = 0 (kuvaliwe)
    i-readonly = 0 (icishiwe)
    i-readahead = 256 (ivuliwe)

    impande @ localhost: ~ # hdparm -C / dev / sdc

    / dev / sdc:
    isimo se-drive sithi: kokubekwe eceleni

    impande @ localhost: ~ # hdparm -I / dev / sdc

    / dev / sdc:
    I-SG_IO: idatha yomqondo omubi / olahlekile, sb []: f0 00 02 00 00 00 00 0 00b 00 00 00 3 00a 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 XNUMX XNUMX

    Idivayisi ye-ATA, enemidiya engasuseki
    Izinga:
    Kusetshenziswe cishe: 1
    Ukucushwa:
    I-logical max yamanje
    amasilinda 0 0
    amakhanda 0 0
    imikhakha / umkhondo 0 0
    -
    Usayizi Womqondo Womqondo / Womzimba: 512 byte
    usayizi wedivayisi nge-M = 1024 * 1024: 0 MByte
    usayizi wedivayisi nge-M = 1000 * 1000: 0 MByte
    usayizi we-cache / buffer = ongaziwa
    Amakhono:
    CISHE akunakwenzeka
    Ayikwazi ukwenza amagama amabili i-IO
    Ukudluliswa kwemikhakha eminingi ye-R / W: akusekelwa
    I-DMA: ayisekelwa
    IOP: pio0

      i-dextre kusho

    ngiyabonga ngosizo lwakho, manje ngikwazile ukwazi ukuthi ngabe i-usb yami ibiphikisana nokubhala futhi ngikuqinisekisile ukuthi bekungephikisana nokubhala ngakho-ke lokhu sekuvele kuyisixazululo sokufomatha esezingeni eliphansi, kufanele ngengeze ukuthi igciwane lenze ukuthi i-usb inqamule ngomzuzu noma okubili hhayi ukuthi kuvunyelwe ukusebenza, akuzange kushiye isikhathi ngakho-ke ngoba bengivele ngazi ukuthi ngilinike igama lini, elaliyi "sdc" esigungwini ngafaka konke njengomsebenzisi wezimpande.
    # dd uma = / dev / zero | pv | dd ye = / dev / sdc bs = 1M lapha ulinda isikhashana
    # dd uma = / dev / zero | pv | dd of = / dev / sdc bs = 446 count = 1 ukhipha uphinde ufake i-usb oyinikezayo
    # mkfs.vfat -F 32 -n "anaconda" / dev / sdc futhi usuqedile

      I-MGT kusho

    Parabens! Ama-voltas amaningi engiwanikeza ngalesi sihloko ukunikeza incazelo ye-coa. UMoi obongayo.

      Víctor kusho

    Kuhle. Ngiyabonga.

      Iori kusho

    Ekugcineni okuthile okungisebenzele ngempela, ngiyabonga.

      yeka kusho

    Sawubona ngine-16 GB ADATA memory 10 microsd memory

    Ngiyenzile inqubo futhi kubonakala isebenza, kepha ngiyifaka kabusha futhi ngihlola kabusha umbuso ngiyibuyisela emuva ekufundeni kuphela.

    Ngizamile ukuyifometha kepha ayisebenzi. Engikubonayo amafayela wami.

    noma yiliphi elinye ithuluzi noma indlela yokuxazulula inkinga?

      Jose kusho

    kulula futhi emfushane, ephelele yonke incazelo nezibonelo, kube wusizo olukhulu

      Michelangelo kusho

    Sawubona, ngingumsebenzisi weKali Linux enguqulweni yayo yakamuva, sengizamile amasu wezigidigidi (ngiyaxolisa ngokwenziwa ihaba) kepha akekho noyedwa kubo onganginiki i-Linux noma iWindows.

      nontobeko kusho

    kimi, debian, imemori esusekayo kufanele yehliswe….

      JR kusho

    kuhle, ngiyabonga
    Ngikwazile ukubuyisa okukhishwayo okuningana ngemiyalo yabo

      UJero kusho

    Sawubona, kuyasebenza kepha ifolda yomsebenzisi iyehluka, kungaba kuhle ukuyicacisa, kepha nginephutha, kumyalo ungikhombisa ukuthi ngiyayiguqula, kepha lapho ngifuna ukubeka ifolda noma yini ku-pendrive eliyitshelayo me ukuthi ivikelwe ukubhala. Uma ungangisiza ukuyixazulula, lokho kungaba kuhle. Sanibonani

      I-oriel kusho

    wemukela umyalo futhi uwukhombise ngokungavikelekile ngu- r = 0, kepha uma ngifuna ukufometha ungitshela ukuthi ngivikelekile. Ngiyabonga

      UWilliam R Larreal G kusho

    Sawubona usuku oluhle. Ngalokhu bengingazami kepha kuWindows ngenze konke hhayi lutho. I-pendrive yami ukubhala kuvikelwe, noma ngabe nge-sudo hdparm -r / dev / sdd kunika inani 1, kepha nge-sudo hdparm -r0 / dev / sdd akukwazanga ukususa ukuvikelwa kokubhala noma. Ngiyabonga nemikhonzo evela eVenezuela.
    Uhlobo lwami lwe-Linux luvulekileSUSE Tumbleweed 15.3

      UCarlos AG Ramos kusho

    Imininingwane edlule ngokucacile nangokuthembeka. Amahora we-Levei ahlola izixazululo eziningi futhi lokhu, okwethulwe lapha, kungukucaciswa kwenkinga ngokuya ngokufundwa nokuvinjelwa kwe-gravação.

      LUIS kusho

    Umnikelo omuhle kakhulu, konke kuhambe njengoba usho ... ngiyabonga

      uziel kusho

    Ngiyabonga kakhulu, kuwusizo kakhulu, lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka kakhulu ku-usb, isixazululo silula futhi siyashesha.

      Lorenzo kusho

    Siyabonga kakhulu ngegalelo.
    Endabeni yami, Ubuntu 23.4 yamukela yonke imiyalo kodwa ayivuli ibhithi lokuvikela.
    Noma yimuphi umqondo?

    lorenzo@lorenzo-B85M-D3H:~$ sudo hdparm -r /dev/sdc
    [sudo] iphasiwedi ye-Lawrence:

    / dev / sdc:
    ukufunda kuphela = 1 (kuvuliwe)
    lorenzo@lorenzo-B85M-D3H:~$ sudo hdparm -r0 /dev/sdc

    / dev / sdc:
    ukusetha ukufunda kuphela ku-0 (cishiwe)
    ukufunda kuphela = 1 (kuvuliwe)
    lorenzo@lorenzo-B85M-D3H:~$

    Gracias