I-GNU Linux isebenziseka kakhulu, akekho ongabazayo lokho. Kepha mhlawumbe abanye abasebenzisi abawazi amanye amathuluzi noma amathuba asinikeza wona futhi angenza lula usuku lwethu lwanamuhla noma enze izinto ezinhle kakhulu. Kule ndatshana sizokhuluma nge-LVM (Logical Volume Manager), ithuluzi okuthi, yize ekuqaleni belingadalelwanga iLinux, kamuva lathunyelwa futhi manje abasebenzisi beLinux bangajabulela amathuba alo.
I-LVM ngumphathi wevolumu enengqondo njengoba igama layo liphakamisa, ekuqaleni bekuyi-cIdalwe nguHeinz Mauelshagen ngo-1998 ngohlelo lwe-HP-UX, I-UNIX ye-HP. Kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi izosetshenziswa ku-Linux kernel. Ngayo ungakhulisa usayizi wamaqembu anengqondo, kanye nemiqulu enengqondo, izifinyezo zokufunda kuphela, uphathe i-RAID, njll. Kepha isici esisithandayo ngale ndatshana ukuhlanganisa ama-hard drive amaningi.
I-LVM "ingabona" amaqembu e-disk kanye nokwahlukanisa kukonke esikhundleni sokuphatha izikhala eziningi ezizimele. Kungakho-ke singakwazi ukujoyina ukwahlukaniswa okuningana njengokukodwa, ukunweba izingxenyana ezithile kwamanye amadiski ahlukene aphathekayo, sidlale ngamadiski amaningi kumodi ye-RAID, engeza ama-hard drive, "ashisayo" noma "ashintshanayo ashisayo", ngaphandle kokukhohlwa umsebenzi we "snapshot" ukudala izipele .
Ungakwenza kanjani lokhu? Hhayi-ke, ngokuyisisekelo sibonga ukusingathwa kwemiqondo emithathu:
- I-PV (Ivolumu Yomzimba): yimiqulu ebonakalayo, okungukuthi, ama-hard drive noma izingxenye zekhompyutha.
- I-VG (Iqembu Levolumu): iqembu levolumu, yindawo lapho ama-PVs nama-VL ahlangana khona.
- I-LV (Ivolumu enengqondo)amavolumu anengqondo noma amadivayisi lapho kungakhiwa khona izinhlelo zefayela noma i-FS.
Ukusebenza ne-LVM, singasebenza kusuka esigungwini ngamathuluzi amathathu amakhulu:
- dala: Ungakha amavolumu omzimba ngokujoyina ama-hard drive noma ukwahlukanisa okuhlukahlukene. Isibonelo, ake sijoyine ukwahlukanisa / i-dev / sda3 ne / dev / sdb1:
pvcreate /dev/sda3 /dev/sdb1
- vgcreate: Ungakha amaqembu evolumu, okungukuthi, ukwahlukanisa noma amadiski angokwenyama angaphansi kweqembu. Isibonelo, ukudala iqembu elibizwa nge- "data":
vgcreate datos /dev/sdb1
- lvcreate: ichaza amavolumu anengqondo azoba ngaphakathi kweqembu. Isibonelo, cabanga ukuthi ufuna ukudala ivolumu ebizwa ngokuthi "entsha" ngaphakathi kweqembu "idatha" no-8GB ngosayizi:
lvcreate --name nuevo --size 8G datos
Ake sibheke isibonelo esisebenzayoCabanga ukuthi unekhompyutha ene-x GB hard drive bese unquma ukukhulisa umthamo ngokufaka enye i-hard drive. Uma kunjalo, uhlelo lokusebenza luyiphatha kanjalo, enye i-hard drive entsha lapho kufanele wakhe khona ukwahlukana okukodwa noma ngaphezulu ukuze uyisebenzise. Ngizocacisa kakhulu, ake ucabange ukuthi i-hard drive yakho ingu-120GB kuqala nokuthi unochungechunge lwamahlukanisi, kufaka phakathi / ikhaya elihlala ama-80GB alabo abangu-120 futhi libizwa ngokuthi / dev / sda3, lapho / dev / sda1 kuyinto ukwahlukanisa izimpande / kanye / dev / sda2 i-SWAP ...
Manje uthola i-hard drive yakho entsha ene-500GB (/ dev / sdb1) yesikhala esingeziwe, kepha esikhundleni sokwenza enye ingxenye, ufuna ukuthi ikhaya lakho libe ne-580GB. Lokhu kungenzeka nge-LVM, okwenza / dev / sda kanye / dev / sdb kube ibukwa uhlelo lokusebenza njengedivayisi eyodwa, ukwahlukanisa okukodwa okutholakala ngokomzimba kuma-hard drive amabili ahlukene. Futhi lokhu kumane kungenzeka okuncane kokuningi okuvunyelwa yi-LVM futhi kungenziwa kanjena:
—Ngaphambi kwalutho, YENZA IKHOPHI LESIPELE LESEKHAYA / EKHAYA NJENGOBA LIZOKWENZEKA -
sudo -i unmount /dev/sda3 unmount /dev/sdb1 vgcreate lvm /dev/sda3 /dev/sdb1 modprobe dm-mod lvcreate -n home -l 100% VG lvm mkfs.ext4 /dev/lvm/home mount /dev/lvm/home /home
Konke okusele ukuhlela ifayela / etc / fstab Ngakho-ke ungafaki ama-pratitions / dev / sda3 kanye / dev / sdb1 ekuqaleni kohlelo, wehluleka lokho, mount / dev / lvm / home / home. Uma sithayipha okulandelayo (sebenzisa i-gedit, nano noma noma yisiphi isihleli sombhalo osifunayo ...):
sudo gedit /etc/fstab
Siyabona okuqukethwe ukukuhlela, Sizobona ukuthi kunamazwana # neminye imigqa yokufaka ama-partitions esinawo njengamanje ku-distro yethu. Qaphela, izikhala akuzona izikhala ezejwayelekile, lapho uhlela, sebenzisa i-TAB ukubeka isikhala kokuqukethwe! Uzobona ukuthi ungabeka okuthile okufana ne-UUID = XXX-XXX-XXX-XXX, kepha ungafaka lokhu gibberish kwe / dev / sdx ngaphandle kwezinkinga ... okungukuthi, egameni lehlukaniso njengoba linjalo. Esimweni sethu kuzodingeka ususe (noma okungcono kunokususa, beka # ekuqaleni komugqa ukuze ubeke amazwana, ngakho-ke uma kunenkinga noma kungasebenzi, singahlela i-fstab futhi simane sisuse umugqa wethu omusha bese sisusa i- # ukuze ibuyele ku ukumiswa kwangaphambilini ...imigqa emibili ehambelana ne- / dev / sda3 ne- / dev / sdb1 bese ungeze:
/ dev / lvm / home / home ext4 default 0 1
Qala kabusha futhi manje sizoba ne-580GB / ikhaya, sijoyine ama-hard drive amabili sengathi ayodwa. Vele ungahluka ngamapharamitha ngokuthanda kwakho, sebenzisa ukwahlukanisa okufunayo, i-FS oyifunayo (lapha sisebenzise i-EXT4, kepha ungasebenzisa noma yini oyidingayo), njll. Ngiyacela, shiya imilayezo yakho, imibuzo, imibono, njll..
Sawubona!
Isifundo esihle kakhulu, kepha bakholelwa ukuthi abasho ukuthi kufanele senze isipele solwazi, ngoba lapho bejoyina ukwahlukaniswa kwamadiski / asekhaya, bafometha amadiski womabili: mkfs.ext4 / dev / lvm / home, njengawe ungasusi imininingwane osuvele unayo ekwahlukaneni kokuqala / kwasekhaya ukuthola imiphumela efanayo?
Ukuthi izingxenye ezimbili zifomathiwe, ngakho-ke kufanele wenze ibhekhaphu ngaphambi kokuqhubeka ukuzijoyina (ngincoma i-deja-dup / sudo snap ukufaka i-deja-dup -classic (lokhu kunguhlobo oluzinzile nge-snap) / sudo apt ukufaka amaqabunga -dup).
Ngiyethemba kube usizo kuwe.
Kukhompuyutha ephathekayo yami yangaphambilini bengine-hard drive enemikhakha emibi embalwa esakazeke yonke indawo. Ngahlukanisa izigaba ezinhle nezimbi (cishe ama-partitions ayi-16). Izingxenye ezinhle engizijoyine njengevolumu yeqembu ne-LVM futhi kuleyo "unit yokugcina" entsha ngafaka i-fedora yami ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka okukhulu. Nge-LVM ngenze ukuthi leyo hard drive isebenziseke engahle ichitheke, yangisindisa ama-pesos athile.
Ngiyabonga ngolwazi, kuyinto ebengidinga ukuyenza. Ngiyabonga
Ngizamile ukulandela lesi sifundo, kepha ngithole ukuthi i-LVM ayisasetshenziswa ngokuzenzakalela ku-Debian 9.5.0. Futhi uma ufuna ukuyifaka, nge- [Sudo apt install lvm2], uhlelo lokusebenza lufakiwe, kepha uma ufuna ukuyisebenzisa, ayisebenzi. Inikeza iphutha elilandelayo:
$ sudo service lvm2 qala
Yehlulekile ukuqala i-lvm2.service: Iyunithi lvm2.service ifihliwe.
Kuhle ntambama
i-athikili ethokozisayo.
Nginombuzo, mangaki amadiski ongawasebenzisa njengeyunithi eyodwa? okusho ukuthi, uma nginezidiski ezi-4, ngingajoyina i-4 njengeyunithi eyodwa?
Ngiyabonga kusengaphambili (:
UMnu. isibumbu
Sawubona,
Ngizosetha ideskithophu entsha ngokuphelele. Ngifuna Ubuntu 18.04 kuphela njengohlelo lokusebenza. Ngizobeka iWestern Digital Black SN750 NVMe 500GB SSD M.2 PCI Express 3.0, okufanele isheshe kakhulu. Kepha futhi, nginekhaya le-Samsung 860 EVO Basic SSD 500GB SATA3, engilithenge ngaleso sikhathi futhi ekugcineni angizange ngilisebenzise, ngicabanga ngalo mzuzu omusha wedeskithophu. Nami ngifuna ukuyifaka. Ngiyifundile i-athikili yakho, futhi ngingathanda, uma kungeyona inkinga enkulu, ukuthi ungangeluleke ngokuthi yimaphi ama-partitions engingawakha nokuthi kanjani, ukuthola ukusebenza okuhle. Ngiyabonga.
Sawubona, ngiyabonga ngomnikelo wakho obalulekile, angazi okuningi nge-linux, ngisanda kusetha isiphakeli esinama-hard drive angama-2 980gb state, ngenze idrayivu enengqondo, kepha ngiyabona ukuthi i-linux idale ukwahlukanisa okungama-200gb engivele ngiyikho ukugcwalisa hhayi ukuthi ngiyazi ukuthi ngingaqala kanjani ukusebenzisa yonke indawo engitshela ukuthi yi-1.7 Tb, ngethemba lokuthi ungangisiza ukuthi ngiyisebenzise kanjani ukuze ngiyisebenzise ekulaleleni, ngiyi-interface ye-webmin yakamuva. Sanibonani.