Uma uthanda ukuthola okuningi kudeskithophu yakho ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izinsiza eziningi, ukufika de I-IceWM 4.0 Lena enye yezindaba ezifanele ukulandelwa eduze. Sikhuluma ngomunye wabaphathi bewindi be-X11 bakudala, cishe iminyaka engamashumi amathathu engaphansi kwebhande lawo, okuyinto kule nguqulo ethatha igxathu elikhulu phambili kokubili ezicini kanye nasekuthuthukisweni kwekhodi yangaphakathi.
Lokhu kwethulwa kuphawula iphuzu lokushintsha: ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuhlanganisa i-IceWM njenge- Umphathi wefasitela osheshayo, olula futhi olungisekayo ngokumangalisayoNgakolunye uhlangothi, kwethula intuthuko abasebenzisi abaningi abebeyilindele iminyaka eminingi, ikakhulukazi ku-Alt+Tab window switcher edumile kanye nokusekelwa kwezithombe (izithonjana, ukucaca, i-RGBA, njll.). Ake sibheke zonke ngokuningiliziwe. Yini entsha ku-IceWM 4.0, umongo wayo nokuthi kungani ihlala iyinketho engathi sÃna kakhulu uma iqhathaniswa nama-desktop aphelele.
Iyini i-IceWM futhi kungani isathandwa?
I-IceWM iyi- Umphathi wefasitela we-X Window System inhloso yayo ibilokhu icacile: ukunikeza isivinini, ubulula, kanye nokungaphazamisi indlela yomsebenzisi. Akuyona indawo ephelele yedeskithophu, kodwa kunalokho yingxenye ephatha amafasitela, ukugxila, ibha yomsebenzi, kanye nezinto ezithile eziyisisekelo zokuxhumana.
Kusukela yasungulwa ngo-1997, i-IceWM ibilokhu ithandwa yilabo abathanda uhlelo Ishesha, izinzile, futhi inokusetshenziswa okuncane kwezinsizakusebenzaNaphezu kokuba lula, ayinciphisi ulwazi oluhle lomsebenzisi: ifaka ibha yomsebenzi ene-desktop pager, izinqamuleli zekhibhodi zomhlaba wonke, kanye nohlelo lwemenyu oluguquguqukayo oluvumelana nokucushwa komsebenzisi.
Esinye sezici zayo ezichazayo ukuthi Izinhlelo zingalawulwa ngekhibhodi noma ngegundane.Ama-Windows angancishiswa abe yi-taskbar, indawo yesaziso, ideskithophu, noma afihlwe ngokuphelele. I-IceWM iphinde inikeze uhlu lwamafasitela kanye ne-switcher yakudala esheshayo (i-Alt+Tab), ethole ukuthuthukiswa okuphawulekayo kunguqulo 4.0.
Endaweni yokwenza ngokwezifiso, i-IceWM iyasebenza ilungiseka kakhulu, "inokuthambekela" kakhulu futhi ibhalwe kahleIfaka umphathi wephepha lodonga ongawukhetha ngokusekelwa kokubonisa obala, umphathi weseshini omncane, kanye nethreyi yesistimu yama-applet nezaziso. Konke lokhu kuhambisana kahle kakhulu nokucushwa okulinganiselwe, imishini emidala, noma izindawo lapho ukusebenza kahle kubaluleke kakhulu khona.
Enye inzuzo ebalulekile ukutholakala kwayo kabanzi: I-IceWM iyatholakala ku- Ukusabalalisa okudumile njenge-Debian, Ubuntu, Arch, openSUSE, Gentoo, Slackware, CentOS, antiX, NixOS kanye nasezinhlelweni eziningi ze-BSD. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukuyifaka kusuka ezindaweni zokugcina ezisemthethweni cishe kunoma yiluphi uhlelo olusekelwe ku-Linux noma *BSD.
Izici ezintsha eziyinhloko ze-IceWM 4.0
Inguqulo 4.0 akuyona nje into encane yokulungisa, kodwa iwukukhishwa okukhulu okunezinguquko ezinkulu. Ingxenye enkulu yokugxila ibilokhu igxile ku I-Alt+Tab switch kanye ne-graphical modernizationKodwa kukhona noshintsho kwezinye izici njengokuhambisana kwe-BSD noma ukuphathwa kwezithonjana.
Igxathu elikhulu ekushintsheni kwe-Alt+Tab
Ushintsho olubonakala kakhulu kubasebenzisi abaningi luse- Iswishi yefasitela esheshayo iyasebenza nge-Alt+TabYayisivele iyithuluzi eliwusizo, kodwa ezindaweni ezinezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ezivulekile yayingahluleka kalula nangokuvumelana nezimo.
Nge-IceWM 4.0, iswishi ingaphatha inani elikhulu kakhulu lamafasitela avulekile kokubili ngokuqondile nangokuqondile. Lokhu kuyasebenza ikakhulukazi uma usebenza nezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningana ngesikhathi esisodwa, amadeskithophu amaningi, noma unomkhuba omubi wokungavali lutho.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, manje sebesekelwa Zonke izinkinobho zokuzulazula ezijwayelekile ukuze zidlule ohlwiniNgamanye amazwi, awunqunyelwe ekusebenziseni kuphela i-Tab noma okhiye bemicibisholo eyisisekelo: ungasebenzisa ezinye okhiye bokuzulazula ukuze ugxume usuka kwelinye ifasitela uye kwelinye ngokunembile, into eyaziswayo ngezikhathi ezijulile.
A imodi yokubuka kuqala uhlelo lokusebenza olusha ku-Alt+Tab. Esikhundleni sokubonisa izithonjana nezihloko nje, i-IceWM inganikeza ukubuka kuqala okwenza kube lula ukuhlonza iwindi elifanele ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi uma usebenzisa izimo eziningi zohlelo olufanayo (isb., amafasitela amaningi esiphequluli).
Esinye isici esiwusizo kakhulu yikhono lokwenza Bhala uhlamvu lokuqala lwekilasi esicelweni Ngesikhathi iswishi ivuliwe, ukucindezela leyo ncwadi kukhetha iwindi elilandelayo elineklasi elifanayo, okukuvumela ukuthi ugxume phakathi kwezibonelo zohlobo olufanayo lohlelo lokusebenza ngokushesha okukhulu.
Okunye ukuthuthuka okuphawulekayo ukuthi manje kungenzeka khetha iwindi ngokucindezela inkinobho yezinomboloUkufaka ngakunye kweswishi kungahlotshaniswa nenombolo, futhi ukuyicindezela nje kwenza lelo windi lisebenze. Lokhu kuyasheshisa inqubo uma wazi kahle ukuthi yini ofuna ukuyivula kanye nendawo yayo ohlwini.
Kumodi evundlile ye-Alt+Tab, ungakwazi futhi khetha amafasitela anegundaneLokhu kuqinisa ifilosofi ye-IceWM yokungavimbeli umsebenzisi endleleni eyodwa yokusebenzisana. Ikhibhodi negundane kuyahambisana, futhi wonke umuntu angasebenzisa lokho akuthola kukhululekile kakhulu.
Ekugcineni, i-IceWM 4.0 ingeza inketho ku- Vula imenyu yesistimu ngqo kusuka ku-interface ye-Alt+TabKungumniningwane omncane, kodwa kwandisa ukuhlanganiswa phakathi kwesishintshi kanye namanye amathuluzi okuphatha iwindi, okwenza kube lula ukwenza ezinye izenzo ezivamile kumawindi.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwezithombe: ukuxubana kwe-alpha, i-RGBA kanye nezithonjana ezinesinqumo esiphezulu
Enye indawo lapho kwenziwe khona intuthuko enkulu kuse- Ukusekelwa kwezithombe zesimanje, ikakhulukazi maqondana nokucaca kanye nezithonjanaI-IceWM 4.0 isetha ukusetshenziswa kokuxubana kwe-alpha kanye nokusekelwa okugcwele kwe-32-bit RGBA ngokuzenzakalelayo.
Empeleni, lokhu kusho ukuthi umphathi uphatha ukucaca nemiphumela ehlobene nesiteshi se-alphaLokhu kuphumela ekubukekeni okuhlanzekile nokwesimanje, ikakhulukazi uma usebenzisa izingqikithi ezisebenzisa lawa makhono noma amaphephadonga anezinto ezikhanyayo.
Ngokuphathelene nezithonjana, i-IceWM isebenzisa ukusetshenziswa kwalokhu okulandelayo njengokuzenzakalelayo kwayo: izithonjana ezinesinqumo esiphezulu nge-WM_ICON_SIZEUbubanzi bosayizi abasekelwayo bubekwe ezingeni elifanayo, manje busukela kumaphikseli angu-16 kuya kwangu-256. Lokhu kuvumela ukuthi izithonjana ezicacile nezilinganiswe kahle ziboniswe kokubili ezikrinini eziphansi nezinobukhulu obuphezulu (kufaka phakathi ukucushwa kwe-HiDPI).
Ukulinganisa osayizi nakho kwenza ukusebenza izingqikithi nokuhlanganiswa kwezithonjana zangaphandleLokhu kungenxa yokuthi kulula ukwazi ukuthi yiziphi izinqumo ezizosetshenziswa nokuthi zizoboniswa kanjani ezintweni ezahlukene zesixhumi esibonakalayo (ibha yomsebenzi, amamenyu, ithreyi yesistimu, njll.).
Ukulungiswa kwe-BSD kanye nezinye izinguquko zangaphakathi
Ngaphandle kokusebenza okusha kwe-Alt+Tab kanye nezilungiselelo zehluzo, i-IceWM 4.0 iyethula ukulungiswa okuningana okuqondile kwezinhlelo ze-BSDLolu hlobo loshintsho aluvamile ukuba yisimangaliso ekuqaleni, kodwa kubalulekile ukugcina ukuqina komphathi kumapulatifomu afana ne-FreeBSD, i-OpenBSD noma i-NetBSD.
Futhi kufakiwe ukulungiswa okuncane kanye nokulungiswa okuncane Lokhu kuthuthukiswa, okusabalele kuzo zonke izingxenye ezahlukene—ukuziphatha kwefasitela, ukuhambisana nezindinganiso, imininingwane yebha yomsebenzi, ukuphathwa kwethreyi yesistimu, njll.—kuyizithuthukisi, lapho zihlanganiswa, ezithuthukisa ulwazi lwansuku zonke.
Esinye isici esiye sanakekelwa yi- ukuvuselelwa kwezinguqulo ezilimini eziningiI-IceWM itholakala ngezilimi ezingaba amashumi amathathu nambili, futhi ngenguqulo ngayinye entsha, izintambo ziyabuyekezwa, imigomo iyalungiswa, futhi kufakwa ukwesekwa kwezilimi ezisalele emuva. Uhlelo lokuhumusha luphathwa ngeWeblate, lapho noma ubani angabhalisa futhi anikele khona.
Ukufakwa kwe-IceWM 4.0, imibhalo kanye nokubambisana
Inguqulo 4.0.0, ekhishwe ngo- UJanuwari 1 we-2026Itholakala endaweni yokugcina esemthethweni yephrojekthi futhi, ezimweni eziningi, nangamapakeji okusabalalisa okukhulu. Kwezinye izinhlelo, inguqulo entsha izobe isivele isezindaweni zokugcina ezizinzile, kanti kwezinye ingase ifike kuqala emagatsheni okuhlola noma angazinzile.
Labo abakhetha ukuhlanganisa ikhodi yomthombo bangayithola ngqo ku- I-GitHub, lapho izinyathelo eziyisisekelo zokuhlanganisa zibhalwe khonaKumelwe kufakwe ukuncika okuthile, okuhlanganisa i-gettext yokuphathwa kokuhumusha. Uma i-CMake itholakala, kuhlinzekwa nendlela yokuhlanganisa ehlukile esebenzisa leli thuluzi.
Ukuze kube lula inqubo, iphrojekthi ihlinzeka izikripthi zokufaka konke ukuncika ngesikhathi esisodwa kanye nemiyalelo yokuqinisekisa ukuthi lokhu kuncika kunembile. Lokhu kunciphisa amaphutha ajwayelekile okuhlanganisa abangelwa imitapo yolwazi engekho.
Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni iphinde ixhumanise nezinsizakusebenza ze imibhalo kanye neziqondiso zokucushwaiqondiswe kubasebenzisi abasha nabathuthukile. Ukusuka lapho, ungangena ujule kuzo zonke izinketho zokucushwa, itimu, ukuphathwa kwezinqamuleli, ukuziphatha kwewindi, kanye nezinye izici zomphathi.
Uhlelo lokuhumusha luphathwa ngokusebenzisa I-Weblate, lapho noma ubani angabhalisa khona (kungaba yisehlakalo sephrojekthi uqobo noma koluxhumene) futhi kusiza ekuphuculeni ulimi abaluthandayo. Lokhu kugcina i-IceWM ifinyeleleka kubasebenzisi emhlabeni wonke, ngezintambo ezihunyushwe kahle futhi ezihambisanayo.
Ngokuphathelene nokubika iziphazamisi, ithimba licela ukuthi thumela izinkinga ngohlelo lwezinkinga ze-GitHubLokhu kugwema ukuphindaphindwa futhi kunikeza imininingwane ethile (ukusatshalaliswa, inguqulo ye-X11, izinyathelo zokukhiqiza kabusha iphutha, njll.). Lo mkhakha wenza kube lula ngabathuthukisi ukuthola amaphethini, ukulungisa amaphutha, nokugcina ikhwalithi ephezulu yesofthiwe.
I-IceWM isatshalaliswa ngaphansi kwe- Ilayisensi Yomphakathi Ejwayelekile ye-GNU (LGPL)Lokhu kuvumela ukusetshenziswa okubanzi kakhulu kokubili ezindaweni zomuntu siqu nezobungcweti futhi kwenza kube lula ukuhlanganiswa kwayo kumaphrojekthi ahlukene kanye nezinhlobo ezahlukene.
I-IceWM 4.0 ngokwesimo se-Linux kanye ne-BSD ecosystem
Nakuba isimo sabaphathi bama-desktop namafasitela siqhubeka nokuguquka, i-IceWM igcina indawo yayo ekhethekile ngenxa yayo ibhalansi phakathi kokukhanya, ukuzinza kanye nokwenza ngezifisoNgokungafani nezimo ezinzima ezinezinsizakalo eziningi zangemuva, i-IceWM inikeza isisekelo esiqinile lapho umsebenzisi enquma khona ukuthi yini azoyengeza.
Kuhlelo lwe-ecosystem lapho izindawo ezigcwele zedeskithophu (i-GNOME, i-KDE Plasma, i-Xfce, njll.) zihlangana khona nabaphathi befasitela abancane (njenge-Openbox, i-Fluxbox, noma i-dwm), i-IceWM ithatha isikhundla esiphakathi: Akuyona "into engenalutho" njengabanye abaphathi be-mosaicKodwa kusalula kakhulu kunedeskithophu ephelele enayo yonke into ehlanganisiwe.
Inguqulo 4.0, egcizelela i-Alt+Tab, ukuthuthukiswa kwezithombe, kanye nokulungiswa kokuhambisana, ikhombisa ukuthi iphrojekthi Akuzange kuhlale kunamathele esikhathini esidluleNgokuphambene nalokho, igcina ingqikithi yokuqala ngenkathi ifaka imininingwane abasebenzisi bamanje abayithatha kalula (izithonjana ezinesinqumo esiphezulu, ukucaca okulungile, ukuzulazula okwandisiwe, njll.).
Noma ubani ofuna indawo esheshayo yekhompyutha endala, iseshini ekude elula, noma ideskithophu nje engenazinselelo emshinini onamandla uzothola ku-IceWM 4.0 inketho ehlanganisayo. ukuvuthwa, ukuzinza kanye nentuthuko eqhubekayo ukuthuthukanoma ngabe kushesha kakhulu futhi kugxile kakhulu ezintweni ezibalulekile.
Uma sibheka konke okulethwa yilokhu kukhishwa, kusukela ekuthuthukisweni okukhulu kuya kusishintshi sewindi kuya ekuthuthukisweni kwesendlalelo sesithombe, ingasaphathwa eyokunakekelwa okuthathwe ngokuhumusha, ukulungiswa kwe-BSD, kanye nohlu olubanzi lwezindikimba kanye nokucushwa, kuqinisekiswa njenge- isibuyekezo esiqinile kakhulu kulabo abazisa i- indawo elula kodwa ephelelefuthi njenge ekahle yokungena umnyango Kulabo abafuna ukuthola ukuthi umphathi wefasitela wakudala usengazizwa usesimanje kakhulu.
