I-DistroShelf Kuyithuluzi eseliqala ukuduma phakathi kwabasebenzisi be-Linux abafuna ukuphatha iziqukathi zabo ngendlela elula nebonakalayo. Impela, uma uke wazama ukushayela I-Distrobox kusuka kutheminali, ucabange ukuthi kuzoba lula kakhulu ukwenza into efanayo ngokuchofoza okumbalwa nje. Yilapho i-DistroShelf ingena khona, iklayenti lesimanje elinemifanekiso elakhelwe ukusizakala ngokugcwele ngokuphathwa kweziqukathi ze-Linux futhi elihlanganisa ngaphandle komthungo kumadeskithophu e-GNOME ngenxa yokusebenzisa i-GTK4 kanye ne-libadwaita. Kulesi sihloko, sizodiliza yonke into enikezwa yi-DistroShelf, okuhlanganisa ukuthi isebenza kanjani, izinzuzo zayo, izici ezinikezayo, nendlela yokuyifaka. Ekupheleni kwalesi sihloko, uzokwazi ukuthi kungaba ithuluzi lakho elisha lansuku zonke lokuhlola, ukusebenza, noma ukuhlola nje ukusatshalaliswa nezinhlelo zokusebenza endaweni evikelekile.
Ukubaluleka kwe- Iziqukathi ze-Linux ibikhula eminyakeni yamuva. Amathuluzi afana ne-Docker noma i-LXC athandwa kakhulu, kodwa I-Distrobox ikwazile ukunqoba labo abadinga ukusebenzisa noma yikuphi ukusatshalaliswa kwe-Linux kusukela kutheminali, ukugcina uhlelo luhlanzekile futhi luhlukene. Inkinga, vele, ukuthi isikhombimsebenzisi somugqa womyalo kuphela singavala abaqalayo noma labo abafuna ukusebenza ngokushesha. Kulapho izixazululo ezibukwayo ezifana ne-DistroShelf zenza khona umehluko, ikakhulukazi kulabo abadinga ukuhlola izindawo ezihlukene, izinguqulo zohlelo, noma ukusatshalaliswa ngaphandle kokudela ubulula bokuchofoza okumbalwa.
Iyini i-DistroShelf futhi kungani ithola ukuthandwa?
I-DistroShelf iyi-a iklayenti lesithombe eliklanyelwe ukuphatha iziqukathi ze-Distrobox ku-Linux. Into entsha eyinhloko ukuthi inikezela ngesipiliyoni sesimanjemanje, esibonakalayo esiphucuziwe esihlanganiswe ngokuphelele nedeskithophu ye-GNOME, nakuba isebenza kwezinye izindawo ngenxa yokwencika kwayo I-GTK 4 y libadwaita. Nge-DistroShelf, imisebenzi evamile ongayenza nge-Distrobox kusukela kukhonsoli iwukuchofoza nje, kanye nokwengezwa kwezaziso ezibukwayo, amathebhu, izinqamuleli, ukwenza ngokwezifiso, kanye nejika lokufunda elifushane kakhulu.
Le softhiwe iqondiswe kubo bobabili abathuthukisi nabasebenzisi abashisekayo abafuna indlela elula yokuphatha ukusatshalaliswa kwe-Linux okuningi ngokuhambisana, izinhlelo zokusebenza zokuhlola ezindaweni ezihlukene, noma bavele bahlole futhi bafunde.
DistroShelf Izici Key
Uhlu lwezici eziletha ngaphansi kwengalo yalo alufushane. Phakathi kwezinto ezivelele ze I-DistroShelf, sithola:
- Dala futhi uphathe iziqukathi: Ungaqala, ususe, uhlanganise, noma umise iziqukathi ngendlela efanayo obungenza ngayo kutheminali, kodwa kakhulu ngokubukeka.
- Buka isimo kanye nemininingwane yesiqukathi ngasinyeUma uthi nhlá, unolwazi lokuthi yiziphi iziqukathi ezisebenzayo, igama lazo, ukusatshalaliswa kwazo, ukusetshenziswa kwezinsiza, njll.
- Ukufaka amaphakheji: Ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa kwayo nesistimu yokupakisha ngayinye ye-distro, ungakwazi ukwengeza noma ukususa izinhlelo kalula ezitsheni.
- Ukuphatha izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithunyelwe: Kuyenzeka uphathe izinhlelo zokusebenza ozenze zafinyeleleka ngaphandle kwesiqukathi, kuhle uma usebenzisa izinhlelo zegraphical noma amaseva.
- Vula amaseshini etheminali: Nakuba sisendaweni enemifanekiso, ukwethula itheminali esitsheni kuwukuchofoza nje, ngokusekelwa kwezilingisi ezihlukene.
- Ibuyekeza iziqukathi: Kwenza inqubo yokugcina indawo yakho isesikhathini ibe lula kakhulu, kokubili isiqukathi ngokwaso namaphakheji owafakile.
- Ukuhlanganisa nokususa iziqukathi: Phinda ukulungiselelwa noma susa izindawo ongasazidingi ngaphandle kwezinkinga.
Njengoba ubona, i-DistroShelf ihlanganisa yonke imisebenzi ebalulekile yokuzulazula emhlabeni weziqukathi ngendlela enethezekile nelawulekayo.
Ukuhambisana nezimfuneko zokusebenzisa i-DistroShelf
Ukuze isebenze kahle, i-DistroShelf idinga ukuba nayo I-Distrobox isivele ifakiwe futhi yalungiswa. I-Distrobox ingumlingo wangempela ngaphansi kwe-hood: idala futhi ilawule iziqukathi, kuyilapho i-DistroShelf isebenza njengesixhumi esibonakalayo. Ukwengeza, isistimu kufanele ibe ne-GTK 4 kanye ne-libadwaita (amalabhulali avamile ku-GNOME nokusabalalisa okuningi kwamanje), kanye nesifanisi setheminali esisebenzisanayo.
Ukusetha kokuqala kukuvumela ukuthi ukhethe idivayisi yakho ezenzakalelayo ebhokisini lezintandokazi ukuze ivumelane nezidingo zakho, ngakho-ke ivumelana nezimo.
Izinzuzo zokusebenzisa iziqukathi ze-Linux nokuthi kungani i-DistroShelf yenza umehluko
Ukusebenzisa iziqukathi ku-Linux okunikezwayo ukuguquguquka, ukuphepha kanye nokuphatheka. Ngenxa yazo, ungakwazi ukuhlola izinhlelo zokusebenza kusuka kokunye ukusatshalaliswa, uqalise izinguqulo ezindala zamaphakheji, noma ugcine izindawo ezingazodwa ukuze zithuthukiswe ngaphandle kokwesaba ukuphula isistimu yakho eyinhloko. Esikhundleni sokusebenzisa umshini ogcwele we-virtual, iziqukathi zithuthukisa isistimu yomsingathi kodwa ngaphakathi kwemingcele ecacile, okuholela ekusetshenzisweni okuphansi kwensiza, isivinini esisheshayo, kanye nobunzima obuncane ngenethiwekhi, idivayisi, noma ukulungiselelwa kwesitoreji.
Kuze kube manje, ukuphatha lezi zindawo kuvame ukuba umsebenzi wekhonsoli, ubekelwe labo abanolwazi ngesiphetho. Amathuluzi afana ne-DistroShelf enza intando yeningi ukufinyelela nokuphathwa kweziqukathi, okwenza ukuphila kube lula kubo bobabili abaqalayo nabasebenzisi bamandla abafuna ukonga isikhathi namaphutha.
Ukusabalalisa okutholakalayo kanye namathuba okwenza ngendlela oyifisayo
Enye yezinto ezikhangayo ze-DistroShelf ukukhethwa okubanzi kwe izithombe eziyisisekelo etholakala kuwena. Ngokuchofoza okumbalwa nje, kungenzeka dala iziqukathi nge:
- I-Oracle Linux
- I-Arch Linux
- I-Gentoo
- I-Kali Linux
- I-Alma Linux
- Alpine
- Sula i-Linux
- I-Debian (izinzile, ihlola, ayizinzile)
- Ubuntu ngezinguqulo eziningana, kusukela ku-14.04 kuya ku-24.04
- Deepin
- I-Linux Mint
- I-Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 7 kuya ku-9
- I-Fedora (kusuka ku-37 kuye ku-40)
- vulaSUSE
- nezinye eziningi
Ngokuzenzakalelayo, isiqukathi ngasinye sabelana ngohla lwemibhalo IKHAYA yomsebenzisi, okukuvumela ukuthi ufinyelele kalula amafayela akho ngaphandle kokushiya indawo eyinhloko (ewusizo kakhulu uma ufaka izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinemifanekiso noma udinga ukudlulisa idatha). Kodwa-ke, uma ukhetha ukugcina isiqukathi sisodwa ngokuphelele, ungakwazi njalo ukuhlela ngendlela oyifisayo ukuze usebenzise uhla lwemibhalo "lwekhaya" esimeni ngasinye noma ukhawulele ukufinyelela kumadivayisi athile.
Ngokungeziwe ezithombeni ezichazwe ngaphambilini, unenketho yokwenza iziqukathi kusuka kumafayela akho endawo noma kusuka kuma-URL akude, unwebe izinketho zakho zokuphindaphinda indawo yangokwezifiso noma ukwabelana ngazo nabanye abasebenzisi.
Ukufaka i-DistroShelf: Isinyathelo Ngesinyathelo Umhlahlandlela Wokukulungisa
Inqubo yokufaka i-DistroShelf iqondile, ikakhulukazi uma usujwayelene ne-Linux ecosystem. Nansi imiyalelo enemininingwane, esekelwe olwazini olusemthethweni nolwazi oluqoqwe kwamanye amasayithi:
- Faka i-Distrobox: injini yeziqukathi.
Vula i-terminal nge-Ctrl+Alt+T bese ugijima (uma uku-Ubuntu; kwamanye ama-distros kufanele usebenzise umphathi wabo wephakheji):
sudo apt ukufaka distrobox
Uma ukhetha inguqulo yakamuva, ungaya ekhasini elisemthethweni lephrojekthi ye-Distrobox futhi uyifake ngokulandela imiyalelo yabo, kusuka endaweni yokugcina noma ngokulanda okuqondile.
- Faka i-Flatpak (uma isistimu yakho ingenayo okwamanje):
Ku-Ubuntu (nokuphuma okuningi), kalula nje:
Sudo apt ukufaka flatpak
Kuzinhlelo ezifana ne-Linux Mint kusuka kunguqulo 21+ kuye phambili, i-Flatpak imvamisa iza ilungiselelwe kusengaphambili.
- Faka i-DistroShelf kusuka ku-Flathub:
Njengoba i-Flatpak isilungile, faka i-DistroShelf usebenzisa umyalo olandelayo:
ukufaka i-flatpak https://dl.flathub.org/repo/appstream/com.ranfdev.DistroShelf.flatpakref
Ngesikhathi sokufakwa, ungase ucelwe izimvume zokwengeza amanye amaphakheji noma okuncikile, njengemitapo yolwazi ye-GNOME.
- Yethula i-DistroShelf:
Uma ukufakwa sekuqediwe, ungathola isithonjana kusiqalisi sohlelo lwakho lokusebenza noma uqalise uhlelo kutheminali ngokuthi:
flatpak run com.ranfdev.DistroShelf
Uma ungasiboni isithonjana ngokushesha, zama ukuphuma uphinde ungene.
Ukucushwa kanye nezinyathelo zokuqala ngemva kokufakwa
Uma uvula i-DistroShelf okokuqala ngqa, uzobingelelwa isixhumi esibonakalayo sesimanjemanje, esihlanzekile esihlangana ngaphandle komthungo kudeskithophu yakho, esinamamenyu acacile nohlu oluhleliwe. Into yokuqala ongayenza hlola izintandokazi ukukhetha itheminali oyikhonzile (Itheminali ye-GNOME ivame ukukhethwa kusengaphambili, kodwa ungayishintsha ibe yi-Tilix, i-Konsole, njll.).
Ukudala isiqukathi kunengqondo: ukhetha isithombe esiyisisekelo, usinikeze igama, bese unquma ukuthi uyafuna yini ukusebenzisa ikhasi lakho lasekhaya lamanje, elihlukile, noma ngisho nokulayisha isithombe sangokwezifiso. Uma usudaliwe, uzobona isiqukathi kuhlu oluyinhloko, futhi ukusuka lapho, uzokwazi ukufinyelela izici zokuphatha, ukufaka izinhlelo zokusebenza, ukuthekelisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinemifanekiso, nokuningi.
Abasebenzisi abaningi bajabulela ikakhulukazi ukukhululeka kokwethula amatheminali endaweni ngayinye, ukufaka amaphakheji asuka kumenyu ngokwayo, kanye nesivinini ongazama ngaso ukusatshalaliswa okuhluke ngokuphelele ngaphandle kokuthinta ukufakwa kwakho kwesisekelo.
Ukuphatha, ukuvuselela, nokususa iziqukathi
I-DistroShelf yenza ukuphila kube lula kakhulu kulabo abaphatha izindawo eziningi ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ungabuyekeza iziqukathi, uhlanganise ezilahlekile ukuze uzihlole okwengeziwe, noma umane uzisuse lapho zingasenasizo. Konke lokhu ngaphandle kokuchitha amahora ulwa nemiyalo, amaphutha e-syntax, noma ukuncika okungaphelele.
Ungakwazi nokuhlobanisa iziqalisi ngokwezifiso nesiqukathi ngasinye, okukuvumela ukuthi ufinyelele kuzo cishe sengathi ziyizinhlelo zokusebenza ezizimele ngokuphelele, okuwusizo kakhulu konjiniyela noma abasebenzisi abavamise ukugxuma phakathi kwe-distros.
Ukucatshangelwa kokukhishwa nokuhlanza
Uma nganoma yisiphi isikhathi unquma ukuthi awusafuni ukusebenzisa i-DistroShelf, inqubo yokukhipha iqonde kakhulu usebenzisa i-Flatpak:
khipha i-flatpak --delete-data com.ranfdev.DistroShelf
Uma ufuna ukuhlanza uhlelo nakakhulu, ungasebenzisa:
i-flatpak khipha - ingasetshenziswanga
Kubalulekile: Le nqubo ayisusi iziqukathi ezisebenzayo, uhlelo nje. Uma ufuna ukususa iziqukathi futhi, sebenzisa kutheminali:
- Ukufaka ohlwini iziqukathi:
distrobox list - Ukumisa isiqukathi esithile:
distrobox stop NOMBRE-o-ID - Ukuze ususe isiqukathi:
distrobox rm NOMBRE-o-ID
Uma ufuna ukususa i-Distrobox futhi uhlanze yonke into, sebenzisa:
sudo apt ukususa --autoremove distrobox
bese ususa ifolda .local/share/containers ukususa amafayela asele.
Ilayisensi neminikelo
I-DistroShelf isatshalaliswa ngaphansi kwe- Ilayisense ye-GPL-3.0-noma-yakamuva, okusho ukuthi awukwazi ukuyisebenzisa ngokukhululeka kuphela, kodwa ungakwazi futhi ukuyishintsha, unikele kuphrojekthi, noma usabalalise izinguqulo zakho zokuphuma kokunye inqobo nje uma uhlonipha imigomo yelayisensi. Iminikelo yomphakathi yamukelekile; Uma ungunjiniyela futhi ufuna ukufaka isandla, ungavula izinkinga noma iziphakamiso zekhodi ngqo kunqolobane yabo ye-GitHub. Lo moya wokubambisana uqinisekisa ukuthi iphrojekthi ishintsha ngokushesha futhi ingakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezidingo zangempela zomphakathi we-Linux.
Ukuqhathanisa okusheshayo nezinye izindlela kanye nomongo wamanje
Ukuthuthukiswa kwamathuluzi wokuqhafaza ukuphatha iziqukathi akukusha, kodwa I-DistroShelf igqamile ngokugxila kwayo okuthile ku-Distrobox, kuyilapho ezinye izixhumanisi zivame ukugxila ku-Docker noma ku-LXC. Izinzuzo eziyinhloko ze-DistroShelf yizo Ukuhlanganiswa okubonakalayo, ubulula, ukuvuselela okusebenzayo, nokusekelwa kwezithombe eziningi eziyisisekelo.
Esimeni samanje, njengoba kubonakala ezingosini ezikhethekile nezingosi, umphakathi wamukela kakhulu lolu hlobo lwesixazululo, ikakhulukazi ngoba lenza umhlaba weziqukathi ufinyeleleke kalula kubasebenzisi abancane bezobuchwepheshe, andise amandla okuhlolwa kwe-cross-distro, futhi ikhuthaza ukusungulwa okusha ngaphandle kokufaka isistimu ewumgogodla engozini.
Lesi sici sesethi senza i-DistroShelf ibe inketho enamandla kulabo abafuna ukwenza lula ukuphathwa kweziqukathi ze-Linux, kube lula kokubili ukuhlola nokukhiqiza ezimeni ezahlukene kanye nejika lokufunda elibushelelezi kunezixazululo zendabuko.